Srebarna Nature Reserve In Bulgaria

Srebarna Nature Reserve - Bulgaria

Short Report

The Srebarna Nature Reserve is a freshwater lake adjacent to the Danube River and stretches over 600 ha. It is the breeding ground of almost 100 species of birds, many of which are rare or threatened. Approximately 80 other birds migrate search each winter. The most interesting birds are the Dalmatian pelican, large heron, night heron, purple heron, glossy ibis and white spoonbill colony.

Wonderful Universal Importance

Srebarna Nature Reserve protects a lake and wetland ecosystem of 638 hectares located near the village of Srebarna on the western shore of the Danube. The reserve includes the lake and the former agricultural land north of the lake, a belt of forest plantations along the Danube, the island and the aquatic environment Komluka closed between the island and the riverside. Srebarna Nature Reserve is a wetland in the Western Palaearctic migratory bird flyway. The nesting grounds for 99 species of birds and seasonal habitat to approximately 80 species of migratory birds. The house is surrounded by hills which provide a natural boundary and offer an ideal means for observing the waterfowl.

The rich bird life supported by Srebarna Nature Reserve is the basis for the international significance. The property held populations of birds which are considered as critical types of survival. The provides the only colony of Dalmatian Pelican Bulgaria, as well as the largest breeding populations of four more globally endangered species: Pygmy cormorant, ferruginous duck, White-tailed catfish Eagle and Corncrake. Srebarna is also of European value interest support Small bittern Night Heron, Squacco Heron, Small Little Egret, Great White Heron, Purple Heron, Glossy lbis had, its spoonbill colony and like ruddy Shelduck. Three types of sterns also occur. Globally threatened Pygmy cormorant and Rode-Goose winter in the Reserve, and the wintering populations of white-fronted goose, graylag goose and Fieldfare are also remarkable. In total the property provides critical habitat that supports 173 bird species, 78 species of European conservation and nine is listed as globally threatened.

Integrity

The property has the largest lake left after removal of the marshy area along the Danube and was connected to the river to a dyke was built in 1949. The current situation is therefore not completely natural and is maintained by water management measures. In 1994, a channel was built between the lake and the river Danube with a view to the annual flow of Danube River waters in the lake during the spring. The Reserve is a strictly protected area, and only carefully controlled scientific research, conservation and management activities may be carried out. The location is relatively small, and only if other areas are also protected, in the region and the bird migration routes, the major species of Srebarna Nature Reserve are expected to survive. The property is protected by a 673 ha buffer zone was established in 2008. This consists of a part of the Srebarna Nature Reserve that is not part of the World Heritage property and 419 ha grounds around the Srebarna Nature Reserve, which is located in an adjacent protected area known as Pelikanite. The purpose of this buffer zone will prevent and reduce negative effects for the man on the reserve.

Wide Report

The Srebarna Nature Reserve is a freshwater lake adjacent to the Danube River and stretches over 600 ha. It is the breeding ground of almost 100 species of birds, many of which are rare or threatened. Approximately 80 other birds migrate search each winter. The most interesting bird species are the Dalmatian pelican, large heron, night heron, purple heron, glossy ibis and white spoonbill colony, white-tailed catfish eagle, little cormorant. The reserve is first of all the protection of the rich variety of wild birds, the birds only half of the Bulgarian avifauna. Types include Srebarna mute swan, a variety of geese and ducks, red neck least grebe, two of the three European species of marsh words and bearded tit. Otter is sometimes in the reserve. White-fronted goose, red-goose and blue throats became known as wintering species.

Some 67 plant species can be found in Srebarna Nature Reserve, including water lilies and a number of rare marsh plants. Reeds occupy two thirds of the reserve and the form a thick barrier around the lake. They reed-mace islands which birds use of nesting. This freshwater lake is located on the flood plains of the river Danube, to which it was connected to 1949. The notching annual floods and the level of the bearing is 1 m per year. However, the lake was connected to the Danube canal in 1978 to prevent water level too low and to restore the more population.

The reserve is affected by a rapid and abnormal development of successive processes as a result of annual deposits of large reed-mace vegetation in the reserve, as well as the inadequate water influence of the Danube. The reed-mace islands are extended and thicker so that wild boar, foxes and jackals now pose a threat to both individual birds' nests and colonies. A series of front interference, including the iron gate Dam, constantly changed the natural hydrology of the Danube river in this region and that of Srebarna.

Historical Data

The area has been declared as wildfowl refuge in 1942 and established as a nature reserve by the Ministry of Agriculture and food at September 20, 1948, Decree no 2-11-931. It was accepted as a World Heritage site on March 7, 1974, if a Ramsar site on September 24, 1975 and as a reserve in january 1977.

Source:whc/unesco