The Rideau canal, a gigantic beginning of building of the 19-th century of 202 kms of the Rideau and rivers little Cataraqui preservation area As well as in Ottawa the south Kingstoner harbour on the lake Ontario, was built especially for strategical military purposes in a time that Great Britain and the United States to excel the control of the area. The side, one of the first canals is sketched especially for steam-powered containers for it also an ensemble of fortifications points in the leading role. It is the best preserved example of a slackwater canal in North America, that the use of this European technology on a big scale showing. It is the only canal which goes back to the big North American canal building age at the beginning of 19-th century, continue to work according to the original line with most of his intact structures.
Wonderful Universal Importance
The Rideau canal is a more strategical main canal built for military purposes has a determining role, that British troops for the protection of the colony in Canada against the United States of America which lead to the development of two different political and cultural bodies in the north of the American continent. This can be seen as an important stage in the history of the man. The Rideau canal remains the best preserved example of a slackwater canal in North America demonstrates the use of the European slackwater technology in North America on a big scale. It is the only canal which goes back to the big North American canal building age at the beginning of 19-th century, this continues to function according to the original line with the biggest part of the original intact structure. The Rideau canal is a rich and well preserved and clear example of a canal which was used for military purposes linkedly with an important phase in the history by human rights - this of the fight for the north of the American continent.
The called property contains the main elements of the original canal together with the relevant following changes in the form of watercourses, dams, bridges, forts, the stations and the neighboring archaeological springs. The original plan of the canal, as well as the form of the canals, has remained intact. The Rideau canal has fulfilled his original dynamic function as operational inland waterways without interruption since his building. Most castle gates and flaps still served with the hand done hoists.
All elements of the called area (canal, united buildings and forts) are protected as national historical boundary stones in the historical sides and monument law in 1952-3. A buffer zone is put. Repair and servicing of the locks, dams, canal walls and banks under the direct supervision of park Canada. Every year a third of the canal the property is examined by engineers thoroughly. Therefore, there is a whole stock on hand of the preservation status of all parts of the property. An administrative plan exists for the canal (completes in 1996 and updates in 2005), and the plans approach execution for the fort Henry and the Kingstoner fortifications. The canal plan is supported by the historical canal-regulation execution mechanism for activities which could have an influence on the cultural values of the monument.
Historical Data
As a result of the American war of the independence to moved thousands of people who remained loyally compared with the British crown, the north to Canada. The government began immediately to identify areas which suit for the development of the settlements for the follower. The small Cataraqui preservation area As well as the Rideau rivers one of the areas are overlooked and before 1800, several mills were built, in Kingstoner mills in 1784 only. Within a few years there were mills in most main cases along the rivers. But the difficulty of the navigation along the rivers in the north of the river st. Lawrences, the main establishment, hindered a lot of concentrated development.
The impulse for the improvement of the waterway, but did not come from the agriculture or other economic stimulus, however, from the needs for the defense. The war in 1812-1814 between Great Britain and the United States of America had the vulnerability of the river st. Lawrences, the main care line for the colony opposed. If not only it was slow with several rapids, but this was vulnerable for attacks of America along a lot from his length between Montreal and lake Ontario. After the end of Feindschaften America is still seen as a potential threat and the need for a sure military way an important need. Consequently military planners dealt with the small Cataraqui preservation area As well as the Rideau to rivers. After a research mission at the end of the war the canal project became in in 1824-1825, begun with two studies, one of engineer Samuels, commanders in chief of the army know at the request of the authorities of upper Canada, and other on request about the duke of the wellington, then. The strategical dimension of the canal, the British government to meet the costs of the fulfilment.
The lieutenant-colonel John by the royal engineer's trading company was appointed by the British government to supervise the building of the canal in 1826. Before his appointment military engineers had worked out a pattern for the building of new canals to get rid of the quick fluent rivers and of marshes along the rivers. This would have led away to 40 kms of new canals along the 202 km long one. By a different approach and taken up the government to accept a 'slackwater' system that the level of the water about the fluent rivers and marshes thoroughly the use of high ditches. This led to a practical way with the smallest excavation. By the canal also persists to meet the steamboats introduced recently then, and must go to dams, they were bigger and broader than what, till present built, in North America. Canal building began in 1828 and about 6,000 employees in multiple positions along the canal. The complete length was navigable in 1832.
The choice of the way for the Rideau canal and the use of a loose water canal-design, were under influence of the development of the land where the canal was. In many parts of Europe, for example, owners of the bank land, the water mills and the fishing rights of the change would oppose in the river in such a system. Slackwater canals are lighter and to build still less workers. Consequently this method is selected instead of a more expensive customary canal where the surroundings, as the case with the Rideau canal was. As with many canals the Rideau canal seems to be formed as a catalyst for the development. Ottawa grew up around the canal and southern direction of Ottawa river, and elsewhere there originate towns on the canal banks. This is combined a typical example of the economic development with canals and reflects the development of towns after the canal house elsewhere in the world.
The Rideau canal has survived almost in his original state as it was with the detour after the improvement in relations between the United Kingdom and the UNITED STATES and the development of the a lot of bigger Saint Lawrences Seaways. The military capacity is never put to the proof. Now functions, primarily, as a waterway for the leisure craft.
Source:whc/unesco
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